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pbmtext Updated: 22 April 2003 Table Of Contents NAME pbmtext - render text into a PBM image SYNOPSIS pbmtext [-font fontfile] [-builtin fontname] [-space pixels] [-lspace pixels] [-nomargins] [-width pixels] [text] Minimum unique abbreviation of option is acceptable. You may use double hyphens instead of single hyphen to denote options. You may use white space in place of the equals sign to separate an option name from its value. DESCRIPTION This program is part of Netpbm. pbmtext takes the specified text, either a single line from the command line or multiple lines from standard input, and renders it into a PBM graphical image. In the image, each line of input is a line of output. Format- ting characters such as newline have no effect on the formatting; like any un- printable character, they turn into spaces. The image is just wide enough for the longest line of text, plus margins, and just high enough to contain the lines of text, plus mar- gins. The left and right margins are twice the width of the widest character in the font; the top and bottom margins are the height of the tallest character in the font. But if the text is only one line, all the margins are half of this. You can use the -nomargins option to eliminate the mar- gins. pbmtextps does the same thing as pbmtext, but uses Ghostscript to generate the characters, which means it's a lot more sophisticated and you can use Postscript fonts. But it also means you have to have Ghostscript installed and it isn't as fast. OPTIONS -font,-builtin By default, pbmtext uses a built-in font called bdf (about a 10 point Times-Roman font). You can use a fixed width font by specifying -builtin fixed. You can also specify your own font with the -font op- tion. The fontfile is either a BDF file from the X window system or a PBM file. If the fontfile is a PBM file, it is created in a very specific way. In your window system of choice, display the following text in the desired (fixed-width) font: M ",/^_['jpqy| M / !"#$%&'()*+ / < ,-./01234567 < > 89:;<=>?@ABC > @ DEFGHIJKLMNO @ _ PQRSTUVWXYZ[ _ { ]^_'abcdefg { } hijklmnopqrs } ~ tuvwxyz{|}~ ~ M ",/^_['jpqy| M Do a screen grab or window dump of that text, using for instance xwd, xgrabsc, or screendump. Convert the result into a pbm file. If necessary, use pamcut to remove everything except the text. Finally, run it through pnmcrop. to make sure the edges are right up against the text. pbmtext can figure out the sizes and spacings from that. -space pixels Add pixels pixels of space between characters. This is in addition to whatever space surrounding characters is built into the font, which is usually enough to produce a reasonable string of text. pixels may be fractional, in which case the number of pixels added varies so as to achieve the specified average. For ex- ample -space=1.5 causes half the spaces to be 1 pixel and half to be 2 pixels. pixels may be negative to crowd text together, but the author has not put much thought or testing into how this works in ev- ery possible case, so it might cause disastrous results. -lspace pixels Add pixels pixels of space between lines. This is in addition to whatever space above and below characters is built into the font, which is usually enough to produce a reasonable line spacing. pixels must be a whole number. pixels may be negative to crowd lines together, but the author has not put much thought or testing into how this works in every possible case, so it might cause disastrous results. -nomargins By default, pbmtext adds margins all around the image as described above. This option causes pbmtext not to add any mar- gins. Note that there may still be space beyond the edges of the type because a character itself may include space at its edges. To eliminate all surrounding background, so the type touches all four edges of the image, use pnmcrop. -width pixels This specifies how much horizontal space the text is supposed to fit into. If the input is one line, pbmtext breaks it into multi- ple lines as needed to fit the specified width. It breaks it between characters, but does not pay attention to white space; it may break in the middle of a word and a line may begin or end with white space. If the input is multiple lines, pbmtext assumes you al- ready have line breaks where they make sense, and pbmtext simply trun- cates each line as needed to fit the specified width. USAGE Often, you want to place text over another image. One way to do this is with ppmlabel. ppmlabel does not give you the font options that pbmtext does, though. Another way is to use pbmtext to create an image containing the text, then use pamcomp to overlay the text image onto your base image. To make only the text (and not the entire rectangle containing it) cover the base image, you will need to give pamcomp a mask, via its -alpha option. You can just use the text image itself as the mask, as long as you also specify the -invert option to pamcomp. If you want to overlay colored text instead of black, just use ppmchange to change all black pixels to the color of your choice before overlaying the text image. But still use the original black and white image for the alpha mask. If you want the text at an angle, use pnmrotate on the text image (and alpha mask) before overlaying. SEE ALSO pbmtextps, pamcut, pnmcrop, pamcomp, ppmchange, pnmrotate, ppmlabel, pstopnm, pbm AUTHOR Copyright (C) 1993 by Jef Poskanzer and George Phillips _________________________________________________________________ Table Of Contents * NAME * SYNOPSIS * DESCRIPTION * OPTIONS * USAGE * SEE ALSO * AUTHOR
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