Learn the UNIX/Linux command line
Home Man Pages
ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
NAME
zipinfo - list detailed information about a ZIP archive
SYNOPSIS
zipinfo [-12smlvhMtTz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...] [-x xfile(s) ...]
unzip -Z [-12smlvhMtTz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...] [-x xfile(s) ...]
DESCRIPTION
zipinfo lists technical information about files in a ZIP archive, most
commonly found on MS-DOS systems. Such information includes file
access permissions, encryption status, type of compression, version
and operating system or file system of compressing program, and the
like. The default behavior (with no options) is to list single-line
entries for each file in the archive, with header and trailer lines
providing summary information for the entire archive. The format is a
cross between Unix ''ls -l'' and ''unzip -v'' output. See DETAILED
DESCRIPTION below. Note that zipinfo is the same program as unzip
(under Unix, a link to it); on some systems, however, zipinfo support
may have been omitted when unzip was compiled.
ARGUMENTS
file[.zip]
Path of the ZIP archive(s). If the file specification is a
wildcard, each matching file is processed in an order deter-
mined by the operating system (or file system). Only the file-
name can be a wildcard; the path itself cannot. Wildcard
expressions are similar to Unix egrep(1) (regular) expressions
and may contain:
* matches a sequence of 0 or more characters
? matches exactly 1 character
[...] matches any single character found inside the brackets;
ranges are specified by a beginning character, a hyphen,
and an ending character. If an exclamation point or a
caret ('!' or '^') follows the left bracket, then the
range of characters within the brackets is complemented
(that is, anything except the characters inside the
brackets is considered a match).
(Be sure to quote any character that might otherwise be inter-
preted or modified by the operating system, particularly under
Unix and VMS.) If no matches are found, the specification is
assumed to be a literal filename; and if that also fails, the
suffix .zip is appended. Note that self-extracting ZIP files
are supported; just specify the .exe suffix (if any) explic-
itly.
[file(s)]
An optional list of archive members to be processed. Regular
expressions (wildcards) may be used to match multiple members;
see above. Again, be sure to quote expressions that would oth-
erwise be expanded or modified by the operating system.
[-x xfile(s)]
An optional list of archive members to be excluded from pro-
cessing.
OPTIONS
-1 list filenames only, one per line. This option excludes all
others; headers, trailers and zipfile comments are never
printed. It is intended for use in Unix shell scripts.
-2 list filenames only, one per line, but allow headers (-h),
trailers (-t) and zipfile comments (-z), as well. This option
may be useful in cases where the stored filenames are particu-
larly long.
-s list zipfile info in short Unix ''ls -l'' format. This is the
default behavior; see below.
-m list zipfile info in medium Unix ''ls -l'' format. Identical
to the -s output, except that the compression factor, expressed
as a percentage, is also listed.
-l list zipfile info in long Unix ''ls -l'' format. As with -m
except that the compressed size (in bytes) is printed instead
of the compression ratio.
-v list zipfile information in verbose, multi-page format.
-h list header line. The archive name, actual size (in bytes) and
total number of files is printed.
-M pipe all output through an internal pager similar to the Unix
more(1) command. At the end of a screenful of output, zipinfo
pauses with a ''--More--'' prompt; the next screenful may be
viewed by pressing the Enter (Return) key or the space bar.
zipinfo can be terminated by pressing the ''q'' key and, on
some systems, the Enter/Return key. Unlike Unix more(1), there
is no forward-searching or editing capability. Also, zipinfo
doesn't notice if long lines wrap at the edge of the screen,
effectively resulting in the printing of two or more lines and
the likelihood that some text will scroll off the top of the
screen before being viewed. On some systems the number of
available lines on the screen is not detected, in which case
zipinfo assumes the height is 24 lines.
-t list totals for files listed or for all files. The number of
files listed, their uncompressed and compressed total sizes,
and their overall compression factor is printed; or, if only
the totals line is being printed, the values for the entire
archive are given. Note that the total compressed (data) size
will never match the actual zipfile size, since the latter
includes all of the internal zipfile headers in addition to the
compressed data.
-T print the file dates and times in a sortable decimal format
(yymmdd.hhmmss). The default date format is a more standard,
human-readable version with abbreviated month names (see exam-
ples below).
-z include the archive comment (if any) in the listing.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
zipinfo has a number of modes, and its behavior can be rather diffi-
cult to fathom if one isn't familiar with Unix ls(1) (or even if one
is). The default behavior is to list files in the following format:
-rw-rws--- 1.9 unx 2802 t- defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
The last three fields are the modification date and time of the file,
and its name. The case of the filename is respected; thus files that
come from MS-DOS PKZIP are always capitalized. If the file was zipped
with a stored directory name, that is also displayed as part of the
filename.
The second and third fields indicate that the file was zipped under
Unix with version 1.9 of zip. Since it comes from Unix, the file per-
missions at the beginning of the line are printed in Unix format. The
uncompressed file-size (2802 in this example) is the fourth field.
The fifth field consists of two characters, either of which may take
on several values. The first character may be either 't' or 'b',
indicating that zip believes the file to be text or binary, respec-
tively; but if the file is encrypted, zipinfo notes this fact by capi-
talizing the character ('T' or 'B'). The second character may also
take on four values, depending on whether there is an extended local
header and/or an ''extra field'' associated with the file (fully
explained in PKWare's APPNOTE.TXT, but basically analogous to pragmas
in ANSI C--i.e., they provide a standard way to include non-standard
information in the archive). If neither exists, the character will be
a hyphen ('-'); if there is an extended local header but no extra
field, 'l'; if the reverse, 'x'; and if both exist, 'X'. Thus the
file in this example is (probably) a text file, is not encrypted, and
has neither an extra field nor an extended local header associated
with it. The example below, on the other hand, is an encrypted binary
file with an extra field:
RWD,R,R 0.9 vms 168 Bx shrk 9-Aug-91 19:15 perms.0644
Extra fields are used for various purposes (see discussion of the -v
option below) including the storage of VMS file attributes, which is
presumably the case here. Note that the file attributes are listed in
VMS format. Some other possibilities for the host operating system
(which is actually a misnomer--host file system is more correct)
include OS/2 or NT with High Performance File System (HPFS), MS-DOS,
OS/2 or NT with File Allocation Table (FAT) file system, and Macin-
tosh. These are denoted as follows:
-rw-a-- 1.0 hpf 5358 Tl i4:3 4-Dec-91 11:33 longfilename.hpfs
-r--ahs 1.1 fat 4096 b- i4:2 14-Jul-91 12:58 EA DATA. SF
--w------- 1.0 mac 17357 bx i8:2 4-May-92 04:02 unzip.macr
File attributes in the first two cases are indicated in a Unix-like
format, where the seven subfields indicate whether the file: (1) is a
directory, (2) is readable (always true), (3) is writable, (4) is exe-
cutable (guessed on the basis of the extension--.exe, .com, .bat, .cmd
and .btm files are assumed to be so), (5) has its archive bit set, (6)
is hidden, and (7) is a system file. Interpretation of Macintosh file
attributes is unreliable because some Macintosh archivers don't store
any attributes in the archive.
Finally, the sixth field indicates the compression method and possible
sub-method used. There are six methods known at present: storing (no
compression), reducing, shrinking, imploding, tokenizing (never pub-
licly released), and deflating. In addition, there are four levels of
reducing (1 through 4); four types of imploding (4K or 8K sliding dic-
tionary, and 2 or 3 Shannon-Fano trees); and four levels of deflating
(superfast, fast, normal, maximum compression). zipinfo represents
these methods and their sub-methods as follows: stor; re:1, re:2,
etc.; shrk; i4:2, i8:3, etc.; tokn; and defS, defF, defN, and defX.
The medium and long listings are almost identical to the short format
except that they add information on the file's compression. The
medium format lists the file's compression factor as a percentage
indicating the amount of space that has been ''removed'':
-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 81% defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
In this example, the file has been compressed by more than a factor of
five; the compressed data are only 19% of the original size. The long
format gives the compressed file's size in bytes, instead:
-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
Adding the -T option changes the file date and time to decimal format:
-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 910811.134804 perms.2660
Note that because of limitations in the MS-DOS format used to store
file times, the seconds field is always rounded to the nearest even
second. For Unix files this is expected to change in the next major
releases of zip(1L) and unzip.
In addition to individual file information, a default zipfile listing
also includes header and trailer lines:
Archive: OS2.zip 5453 bytes 5 files
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 730 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:40 Contents
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 3710 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:33 makefile.os2
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 8753 b- i8:3 26-Jun-92 15:29 os2unzip.c
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 98 b- stor 21-Aug-91 15:34 unzip.def
,,rw, 1.0 hpf 95 b- stor 21-Aug-91 17:51 zipinfo.def
5 files, 13386 bytes uncompressed, 4951 bytes compressed: 63.0%
The header line gives the name of the archive, its total size, and the
total number of files; the trailer gives the number of files listed,
their total uncompressed size, and their total compressed size (not
including any of zip's internal overhead). If, however, one or more
file(s) are provided, the header and trailer lines are not listed.
This behavior is also similar to that of Unix's ''ls -l''; it may be
overridden by specifying the -h and -t options explicitly. In such a
case the listing format must also be specified explicitly, since -h or
-t (or both) in the absence of other options implies that ONLY the
header or trailer line (or both) is listed. See the EXAMPLES section
below for a semi-intelligible translation of this nonsense.
The verbose listing is mostly self-explanatory. It also lists file
comments and the zipfile comment, if any, and the type and number of
bytes in any stored extra fields. Currently known types of extra
fields include PKWARE's authentication (''AV'') info; OS/2 extended
attributes; VMS filesystem info, both PKWARE and Info-ZIP versions;
Macintosh resource forks; Acorn/Archimedes SparkFS info; and so on.
(Note that in the case of OS/2 extended attributes--perhaps the most
common use of zipfile extra fields--the size of the stored EAs as
reported by zipinfo may not match the number given by OS/2's dir com-
mand: OS/2 always reports the number of bytes required in 16-bit for-
mat, whereas zipinfo always reports the 32-bit storage.)
ENVIRONMENT OPTIONS
Modifying zipinfo's default behavior via options placed in an environ-
ment variable can be a bit complicated to explain, due to zipinfo's
attempts to handle various defaults in an intuitive, yet Unix-like,
manner. (Try not to laugh.) Nevertheless, there is some underlying
logic. In brief, there are three ''priority levels'' of options: the
default options; environment options, which can override or add to the
defaults; and explicit options given by the user, which can override
or add to either of the above.
The default listing format, as noted above, corresponds roughly to the
"zipinfo -hst" command (except when individual zipfile members are
specified). A user who prefers the long-listing format (-l) can make
use of the zipinfo's environment variable to change this default:
Unix Bourne shell:
ZIPINFO=-l; export ZIPINFO
Unix C shell:
setenv ZIPINFO -l
OS/2 or MS-DOS:
set ZIPINFO=-l
VMS (quotes for lowercase):
define ZIPINFO_OPTS "-l"
If, in addition, the user dislikes the trailer line, zipinfo's concept
of ''negative options'' may be used to override the default inclusion
of the line. This is accomplished by preceding the undesired option
with one or more minuses: e.g., ''-l-t'' or ''--tl'', in this exam-
ple. The first hyphen is the regular switch character, but the one
before the 't' is a minus sign. The dual use of hyphens may seem a
little awkward, but it's reasonably intuitive nonetheless: simply
ignore the first hyphen and go from there. It is also consistent with
the behavior of the Unix command nice(1).
As suggested above, the default variable names are ZIPINFO_OPTS for
VMS (where the symbol used to install zipinfo as a foreign command
would otherwise be confused with the environment variable), and ZIP-
INFO for all other operating systems. For compatibility with zip(1L),
ZIPINFOOPT is also accepted (don't ask). If both ZIPINFO and ZIPIN-
FOOPT are defined, however, ZIPINFO takes precedence. unzip's diag-
nostic option (-v with no zipfile name) can be used to check the val-
ues of all four possible unzip and zipinfo environment variables.
EXAMPLES
To get a basic, short-format listing of the complete contents of a ZIP
archive storage.zip, with both header and totals lines, use only the
archive name as an argument to zipinfo:
zipinfo storage
To produce a basic, long-format listing (not verbose), including
header and totals lines, use -l:
zipinfo -l storage
To list the complete contents of the archive without header and totals
lines, either negate the -h and -t options or else specify the con-
tents explicitly:
zipinfo --h-t storage
zipinfo storage \*
(where the backslash is required only if the shell would otherwise
expand the '*' wildcard, as in Unix when globbing is turned on--double
quotes around the asterisk would have worked as well). To turn off
the totals line by default, use the environment variable (C shell is
assumed here):
setenv ZIPINFO --t
zipinfo storage
To get the full, short-format listing of the first example again,
given that the environment variable is set as in the previous example,
it is necessary to specify the -s option explicitly, since the -t
option by itself implies that ONLY the footer line is to be printed:
setenv ZIPINFO --t
zipinfo -t storage [only totals line]
zipinfo -st storage [full listing]
The -s option, like -m and -l, includes headers and footers by
default, unless otherwise specified. Since the environment variable
specified no footers and that has a higher precedence than the default
behavior of -s, an explicit -t option was necessary to produce the
full listing. Nothing was indicated about the header, however, so the
-s option was sufficient. Note that both the -h and -t options, when
used by themselves or with each other, override any default listing of
member files; only the header and/or footer are printed. This behav-
ior is useful when zipinfo is used with a wildcard zipfile specifica-
tion; the contents of all zipfiles are then summarized with a single
command.
To list information on a single file within the archive, in medium
format, specify the filename explicitly:
zipinfo -m storage unshrink.c
The specification of any member file, as in this example, will over-
ride the default header and totals lines; only the single line of
information about the requested file will be printed. This is intu-
itively what one would expect when requesting information about a sin-
gle file. For multiple files, it is often useful to know the total
compressed and uncompressed size; in such cases -t may be specified
explicitly:
zipinfo -mt storage "*.[ch]" Mak\*
To get maximal information about the ZIP archive, use the verbose
option. It is usually wise to pipe the output into a filter such as
Unix more(1) if the operating system allows it:
zipinfo -v storage | more
Finally, to see the most recently modified files in the archive, use
the -T option in conjunction with an external sorting utility such as
Unix sort(1) (and sed(1) as well, in this example):
zipinfo -T storage | sort -nr -k 7 | sed 15q
The -nr option to sort(1) tells it to sort numerically in reverse
order rather than in textual order, and the -k 7 option tells it to
sort on the seventh field. This assumes the default short-listing
format; if -m or -l is used, the proper sort(1) option would be -k 8.
Older versions of sort(1) do not support the -k option, but you can
use the traditional + option instead, e.g., +6 instead of -k 7. The
sed(1) command filters out all but the first 15 lines of the listing.
Future releases of zipinfo may incorporate date/time and filename
sorting as built-in options.
TIPS
The author finds it convenient to define an alias ii for zipinfo on
systems that allow aliases (or, on other systems, copy/rename the exe-
cutable, create a link or create a command file with the name ii).
The ii usage parallels the common ll alias for long listings in Unix,
and the similarity between the outputs of the two commands was inten-
tional.
BUGS
As with unzip, zipinfo's -M (''more'') option is overly simplistic in
its handling of screen output; as noted above, it fails to detect the
wrapping of long lines and may thereby cause lines at the top of the
screen to be scrolled off before being read. zipinfo should detect
and treat each occurrence of line-wrap as one additional line printed.
This requires knowledge of the screen's width as well as its height.
In addition, zipinfo should detect the true screen geometry on all
systems.
zipinfo's listing-format behavior is unnecessarily complex and should
be simplified. (This is not to say that it will be.)
SEE ALSO
ls(1), funzip(1L), unzip(1L), unzipsfx(1L), zip(1L), zipcloak(1L),
zipnote(1L), zipsplit(1L)
URL
The Info-ZIP home page is currently at
http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/
or
ftp://ftp.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/ .
AUTHOR
Greg ''Cave Newt'' Roelofs. ZipInfo contains pattern-matching code by
Mark Adler and fixes/improvements by many others. Please refer to the
CONTRIBS file in the UnZip source distribution for a more complete
list.
Info-ZIP 22 May 2004 (v2.41) ZIPINFO(1L)
UNIX/Linux commands referenced on this page: